Knowledge base

Networking & IP

IP planning, subnetting, IPv6, VLANs and switch configuration.

  1. Networking & IP

    What is CIDR? Classless routing and slash notation explained

    What is CIDR? Classless Inter-Domain Routing replaced Class A, B and C networks in 1993: the network part of an address is no longer fixed at 8, 16 or 24 bits but written after a slash. A /22 fixes the first 22 bits and leaves 10 free, a block of 1,024 addresses.

    10 min read
  2. Networking & IP

    What is SNMP? How managers, agents and MIBs work together

    SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is an IETF protocol that monitoring systems use to read device status and devices use to send alerts. It has three parts: the manager that queries, the agent on the device, and the MIB that defines what can be read. Most networks run v2c or v3.

    10 min read
  3. Networking & IP

    What is a VLAN? How one switch is split into separate broadcast domains

    A VLAN (virtual LAN) groups switch ports under a number, and each group is its own broadcast domain: ports in one VLAN talk at Layer 2 as usual, while different VLANs cannot see each other. That number is the VLAN ID, 1 to 4094; on links shared by several VLANs, an 802.1Q tag carries it.

    10 min read
  4. Networking & IP

    How to find my IP address: local, private and public IP explained

    How to find my IP address depends on which one you need. Your local IP sits on the network adapter: run ipconfig on Windows, ip addr on Linux or show ip interface brief on a switch. Your public IP is what internet servers see and can only be checked from outside. If they differ, NAT sits in between.

    10 min read
  5. Networking & IP

    How to fix an IP address conflict: diagnose, trace and prevent

    To fix an IP address conflict, find the second MAC address answering for the same IP, look it up in the switch MAC table to locate its port, then correct the misconfigured device. In a data center, an IPAM record for every address and IP source guard on access ports keep it from coming back.

    7 min read

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